how to add an outlet
Lamp cord, extension cords are not rated 600 volt.
Use copper wire only. Aluminum wire is fire risk and should be avoided or installed by professional.
30 amp breaker use 10 gauge /
120-240 volt 30 amp outlet can be installed on 30 amp breaker only/ use 10 gauge wire ... cannot be connected to 15-20-40 amp breaker.
Orange/ #10 gauge wire, with ground ... 30 amp capacity. Safe maximum: 30 x 80% = 24 amps.
Buy:
10-2 gauge/ 30 amp
10-3/ 30 amp
Southwire electric tools
120 volt 20 amp outlet can be installed on 20 amp breaker, but not 15 amp breaker/ use 12 ga wire.
... cannot be connected to 30-40 amp breaker. 1
Yellow/ #12 gauge wire, with ground ... 20 amp capacity. Safe maximum 16 amps.
Buy:
12-2 gauge/ 20 amp
12-3/ 20 amp
NMB is house wiring
UF is underground
Rolls of stranded wire
HOOK UP Wires
120 volt 15 amp outlet, AFCI, GFCI, timer, switch etc can be installed on 15 or 20 amp breaker. Never connect 15 gauge wire to 20-30-40 amp breaker.
White/ #14 gauge wire, with ground ... 15 amp capacity. Safe maximum 12 amps.
Buy:
14-2 gauge/ 15 amp
14-3/ 15 amp
NMB is house wiring
UF is underground
240 volt 50 outlet can be installed on 50 amp breaker only
Buy:
6-2 wire
Southwire electric tools
NMB is house wiring
UF is underground
240 volt 40 amp outlet can be installed on 40 or 50 amp breaker only
Buy:
8-2 wire
Southwire electric tools
NMB is house wiring
UF is underground
Copper ground wire.
Every device, load, metal enclosure etc must be grounded. Ground wire must be continuous throughout installation, never switched on-off, never used as a Neutral wire.
Generally ... use same size as other wire in circuit
Buy:
12 gauge copper ground wire
Ground wire
Green ground wire
Ground pigtails
Ground rods/ ground clamps at Amazon
Non metallic flexible cables must carry ground wire, but do not have hazard of short circuit causing injury from shock. Armored steel cable can be used as a grounded connection, and will protect wires from damage. Metal can be energized from an insulation failure.
All conduit ...metal, plastic ... flexible and rigid ... must be attached to structure, and attached to enclosures, boxes.
Movement, damage and deterioration are major cause of electrical failure.
Buy:
Non-metallic flexible conduit
Power whip
Armored cable
Southwire armored cable cutter
Pull boxes
Electrical tools must be insulated.
Always best to disconnect power, but insulation failure, lack of proper grounding, grounded neutral, lack of GFCI, out-of-code wiring, generator operating without transfer switch, and other problems still pose a risk to anyone working on electric power ... even when breaker is off.
Buy:
Electrician tools kits
KLEIN TOOLS
Tools kits
IRWIN tools
KNIPEX
Telephone cable knife
Low Voltage Mounting Bracket for Telephone
600 volt 12 ga Stranded wire ot THHN wire is good for conduit with multiple wires ... but stranded cannot be installed under screw terminals on outlets, switches, timers etc without risk ... of heat causing splayed strands ....that come loose ... and begin to arc. Connect stranded to short piece of solid copper wire, and attach solid to screw terminal. Do not solder residential or commercial wiring.
Project wire, extension cords, thermostat, bell and automotive wire are not rated for residential or commercial wiring. Only wire maked 600 volt can be used for permanent household wiring.
Buy:
Southwire 600 volt stranded wire
Rolls of stranded wire
HOOK UP Wires
Protect wiring from damage
Use nipper instead of pliers or screwdriver for removing staples (and nails). Do not damage cable or wires inside cable.
-Code says: Cable SHALL BE secured without damage to the outer covering. NEC sec. 336-15
Buy
End cutting nippers at Amazon
Electrically insulated tools
When removing insulation from wire, do NOT score or put cuts on surface of copper wire. Doing so increases resistance and heat on wire and creates possible weak point.
Buy tools:
KLEIN TOOLS
Wire strippers at Amazon
Electric Wire Stripping Machine
Linesman pliers
Utility knife at Amazon
Multimeters
Voltage is tested across two separate wires. Ohms or resistance is tested across both ends of same wire. Amperage is tested along one or two points on same wire.
Buy:
Analog multimeter
Multimeters at Amazon
Klein multimeter
Electric testers at Amazon
Clampmeter for testing amp flow on line
New outlet is added to Any-outlet#1
Add new wire into existing outlet box.
Run wire to new box
Install ordinary outlet in new box > white to silver screw, black to brass screw:
If you choose, Run additional wire to another new box
Black wire is Hot.> connect to brass screw
White wire is Neutral> connect to silver screw
Code says max 12 boxes per circuit breaker
Resources:
Read pdf
Larger image
Add outlet to switch
Neutral wire required
Does Box have neutral wire?
Turn power off
Separate wires for testing
Test each wire to bare ground wire
When tester lights up, that is Hot wire.
Test Hot wire to all other wires (except ground wire)
When tester lights up, that is Neutral wire
Many switch boxes do NOT have neutral wire.
Resources:
More switch wiring
Match wire size and breaker size
Safe maximum is 80% rated load
20 amp breaker x 80% = 16 amps.
Volts x amps = watts
Resources:
Figure breaker size and wire size
Stress test the breaker panel
How to wire GFCI breaker
How to wire Arc fault breaker
Larger image Use in-line fuse when connecting 2 different gauge wires
Illustration shows smaller 12-2 cable connected to larger 10-3 cable.
The 10 gauge wire carries 240 volt plus a Neutral wire, and is protected by 30 amp breaker
The amp draw on 30 amp breaker is too large for 12 gauge wire.
12 gauge wire should have 20 amp breaker.
Connect smaller 12 gauge wire to 10 gauge wire using twist on wire connector. All connections must be inside electrically rated enclosed box with cover.
Fuse will protect entire length of 12 gauge wire.
Connect fuse to Hot wire.
Never put fuse on Neutral ... the Neutral wire must never be switched off, and must run continuous throughout installation.
If the 12 gauge wire is wired for 240V, instead of 120V shown in illustration, then fuses can be added to both hot wires.
Always make connections inside a box with cover
Buy:
Panel mount fuse holders at Amazon
Buy fuseholders
Din rail fuseholder
10 x 38 mm fuse
Electrical terminals
Solder guns
Add a switch and light to any outlet
Maximum 12 boxes per circuit breaker.
Drop power wire into outlet box.
Resources:
How to drop wire into wall
How to add a 3-way switch
Multimeter
Test for breaks in wire/ Test for voltage
Most appliance require 80% rated voltage to function correctly
Buy
Analog multimeter
Multimeters at Amazon
Klein multimeter
Electric testers at Amazon
Clampmeter for testing amp flow on line
Resource:
How to test and replace element
How to test thermocouple
Element tests for 120 volts
How to test wire
Safety when testing wires:
Never touch wet or previously flooded appliance.
Never stand on wet surface when working on electric.
Never stand on bare soil, put down dry boards.
Tape tester leads to wood sticks to keep hands away from power.
Use non-contact voltage tester before touching wires.
Never touch or lean into any made of metal.
Remove metal objects from pockets.
Do not use oxygen or fuel accelerants in same room as electrical repairs
Resource:
Basic house wiring
Non-contact voltage tester
Test for power without touching connectors
NEVER assume power is OFF
Buy:
Non-contact voltage tester Amazon
Electric testers at Amazon
Resource:
How to test electric power is off
120 volt 15 amp devices including GFCI, timers, switches, plugs, wifi controls etc can be installed on 15 or 20 amp breaker. 120 volt GFCI, outlet, receptacle that is rated 20 amp can be installed on 20 amp breaker only, but NOT on 15 amp breaker.
Buy
15 amp GFCI
20 amp GFCI
Basic electric book
Home plumbing/ electrical codes
Or learn about basic household electricity... use and search my site/
Resource
Safe electric wiring
Basic house wiring
Use outlet tester to check for correct wiring on any 120 volt straight-blade outlet.
Buy:
Klein testers
Outlet tester
Circuit breaker finder
Electric usage monitor
Non metallic flexible cables must carry ground wire, but do not have hazard of short circuit causing injury from shock. Armored steel cable can be used as a grounded connection, and will protect wires from damage. Metal can be energized from an insulation failure.
All conduit ...metal, plastic ... flexible and rigid ... must be attached to structure, and attached to enclosures, boxes.
Movement, damage and deterioration are major cause of electrical failure.
Buy:
Non-metallic flexible conduit
Power whip
Armored cable
Southwire armored cable cutter
Pull boxes
Electrical tools must be insulated.
Always best to disconnect power, but insulation failure, lack of proper grounding, grounded neutral, lack of GFCI, out-of-code wiring, generator operating without transfer switch, and other problems still pose a risk to anyone working on electric power ... even when breaker is off.
Buy:
Electrician tools kits
KLEIN TOOLS
Tools kits
IRWIN tools
KNIPEX
Use only 600 volt solid copper wire.
Do not use stranded wire or extension cord.
Do not use solder anywhere on residential 120-240 volt wiring.
Attach electric installation to structure. Tighten screws very tight against wire.
Buy:
NEC books
Dewalt plumbing/ electrical codes
Basic electric book
National electric code guide/ illustrated
Resources:
How to twist wire
How to select and install twist-on wire connectors
Weatherproof lever switch on outdoor lights Safely operate outdoor toggle switch
Replaces outdoor cover
Install over top of ordinary switch
Works with single-pole, double-pole, 3PST, 3-way, 4-way switches etc
Use weatherproof box for outdoor
Can be used indoor or outdoor
Buy:
Best choice: Cantex lever switch
Outdoor lever switches at Amazon
Lever switches
Resource
Cantex-toggle-switch-covers.pdf
Cantex-PVC-junction-boxes.pdf
Terminals
Buy: Crimping tool kit
Blue for 16-14 wire
Yellow for 12-10 wire
Ratcheting Crimper
Resource:
How to install terminal
Push-on wire connectors in place of twist-on connectors
Buy:Push on wire connectors Amazon
Red 3P connector for 10-14 gauge wire
Lever connectors for stranded wire at Amazon
Use nipper instead of pliers or screwdriver for removing staples (and nails). Do not damage cable or wires inside cable. Code
-Cable SHALL BE secured without damage to the outer covering. NEC sec. 336-15
Buy
End cutting nippers at Amazon
When removing insulation from wire, do NOT score or put cuts on surface of copper wire. Doing so increases resistances on wire and creates weak point.
Buy tools:
Wire strippers at Amazon
Linesman pliers
Pro linesman plier
Needle nose pliers
End cutting nippers at Amazon
6" Pull box
Junction boxes for conduit and wiring
Buy:
Bud industries 6x6x4 best value/ no KO
Raco 6x6x4 metal pull box
Wiegman 6x6x4 pull box
Hoffman 6x6x4 pull box
Adamax raintight enclosure
Raintight 6x6x4 box
Pull boxes
Buy:
Pull boxes
Polycarbonite boxes
Resource : Enclosures and boxes
how to add an outlet
Source: http://waterheatertimer.org/How-to-add-outlet.html
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